起重機結構分類 

在建橋工程(cheng)中所用的(de)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)，根據(ju)其(qi)構造(zao)和(he)性(xing)能的(de)不(bu)同，一般可分為輕小型(xing)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備、橋式(shi)類(lei)型(xing)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)和(he)臂架(jia)類(lei)型(xing)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，纜(lan)索式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)四大類(lei)。輕小型(xing)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備如(ru)：千斤(jin)頂、氣(qi)動葫蘆(lu)、電(dian)動葫蘆(lu)、平衡葫蘆(lu)（又(you)名平衡吊）、卷(juan)揚(yang)機(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)。橋架(jia)類(lei)型(xing)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)(xie)如(ru)梁式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)。臂架(jia)類(lei)型(xing)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)如(ru)固定式(shi)回轉起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、塔式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、汽車起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、輪胎起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、履(lv)帶起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)。纜(lan)索式(shi)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)如(ru)升降機(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)。

按起重性質分：流動式起重機、塔式起重機、桅桿式起重機。

按驅動方式分：一類為集中驅動，即用一臺電動機帶動長傳動軸驅動兩邊的主動車輪；另一類為分別驅動、即兩邊的主動車輪各用一臺電動機驅動。中、小型橋式起重機較多采用制動器、減速器和電動機組合成一體的"三合一"驅動方式，大起重量的普通橋式起重機為便于安裝和調整，驅動裝置常采用萬向聯軸器。

按結構形式，起重機主要分為輕小型起重設備、橋架式（橋式、門式起重機）、臂架式（自行式、塔式、門座式、鐵路式、浮船式、桅桿式起重機）、纜索式。